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Test of Language Development, Fourth Edition (TOLD-4)
Primary and Intermediate
by Phyllis L. Newcomer and Donald D. Hammill
One of the most widely used tests of spoken language, TOLD-4 identifies oral language proficiency in children aged 4-0 to 17-11. This fully revised Fourth Edition offers updated norms, a more user-friendly manual, new validity studies, and elimination of floor and ceiling effects for both the Primary and Intermediate versions of the test. In addition, the Intermediate form adds a new subtest (Multiple Meanings), a new Composite Score (Organizing), and an expanded age range--up to 17-11 years.
The subtests for each version are listed below, along with the abilities and language constructs they measure. Several have been renamed to better reflect their content. |
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PRIMARY (Ages 4-0 through 8-11) |
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SUBTEST |
ABILITY MEASURED |
CONSTRUCT |
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Picture Vocabulary |
Understanding words |
Semantics/Listening |
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Relational Vocabulary |
Mediating vocabulary |
Semantics/Organizing |
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Oral Vocabulary |
Defining words |
Semantics/Speaking |
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Syntactic Understanding |
Understanding sentence meaning |
Grammar/Listening |
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Sentence Imitation |
Repeating sentences |
Grammar/Organizing |
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Morphological Completion |
Understanding sentence formation |
Grammar/Speaking |
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Word Discrimination |
Noticing sound difference |
Phonology/Listening |
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Word Analysis |
Segmenting words |
Phonology/Organizing |
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Word Articulation |
Saying words correctly |
Phonology/Speaking |
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INTERMEDIATE (Ages 8-0 through 17-11) |
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Sentence Combining |
Constructing sentences |
Grammar/Speaking |
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Picture Vocabulary |
Understanding word relationships |
Semantics/Listening |
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Word Ordering |
Constructing sentences |
Grammar/Organizing |
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Relational Vocabulary |
Understanding word similarities |
Semantics/Organizing |
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Morphological Comprehension |
Recognizing grammatical sentences |
Grammar/Listening |
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Multiple Meanings |
Providing word meanings |
Semantics/Speaking |
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Each version of the test can be individually administered in less than an hour (sometimes as little as 30 minutes for the Intermediate version), and each yields standard scores, percentiles, and age equivalents. Profiles indicate individual strengths and deficiencies in basic language abilities. Norms are based on a large nationally representative sample, keyed to 2005 census data, and stratified by age.
Both versions of the test offer strong psychometric properties. The manual provides numerous validity studies, including several that demonstrate the test's sensitivity and specificity. Primary and Intermediate forms are unbiased in regard to gender and race.
With updated norms and an expanded age range, the TOLD-4 is an excellent choice when you need a comprehensive, individually administered test of language development.
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